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Winifred Brenchley : ウィキペディア英語版 | Winifred Brenchley
Winifred Elsie Brenchley OBE, DSc (Lond), FLS, FRES (1883 – 1953), an agricultural botanist, was the first woman in the UK to break into the male dominated sphere of agricultural science.〔D.S. Jenkinson, ("Brenchley, Winifred Elsie (1883-1953)" ), ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed 7 Aug 2012〕 She has been described as "perhaps Britain's leading authority on weeds in the early twentieth century".〔Clinton L. Evans ''The War on Weeds in the Prairie West: An Environmental History'' Calgary, Univ. of Calgary Press, 2002 p.219〕 == Early life and education ==
Winifred Brenchley was born in London on 10 August 1883 to Elizabeth Beckett and William Brenchley, a schoolmaster who was once Mayor of Camberwell. Measles in childhood left her partially deaf. She was educated at James Allen's Girls' School in Dulwich, where one of her teachers was the well known botanist Dr Lilian Clarke.〔Amanda Thomas ("Dr.Winifred Brenchley, O.B.E. (1883-1953)" ), Accessed 29 July 2013.〕 She attended Swanley Horticultural College for two years, completing her course in 1903. At the school, the new science-based study provided an alternative to the earlier emphasis on practical apprenticeship training, thus opening up male dominated horticultural trades to women. By 1903 the college was only taking women students, with the aim of providing suitable occupations for unmarried women. (There was also a growing demand for horticulturalists and agriculturalists in the British colonies and it was felt that women were suited to this role.) Brenchley won the Royal Horticultural Society Silver Gilt medal but gave up gardening to study botany.〔Donald L. Opitz (2013) 'A Triumph of Brains over Brute': Women and Science at the Horticultural College, Swanley, 1890-1910. Isis 104(1) pp 30-62〕 She received her BSc from University College London in 1905, where she studied under Francis Wall Oliver. She was awarded a Gilchrist Scholarship for postgraduate study for 1906-7 and was awarded a DSc in 1911. She became a Fellow of University College in 1914.
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